Ascariasis or Roundworm 

Ascariasis or Roundworm is the Commonest and Most Widespread Worm in all Countries, Transmitted bye Feco-Orally Route Through the Soil, Most Common in Children's. It also cause Obstruction in Abdomen..

Agent Factor

Agent: Ascariasis or Round Worm resembling with Earthworm, Live in Small Intestine. It is Brown color, Female measuring 20 to 40 cm and Female Measuring 15 to 25 cm. Life Span of Round Worm is One Year. The Female lay Egg Everyday.

Life cycle: Ascariasis or Round Worm is Only One Host Human Being. The Eggs are Passed in the Feces and Develop into Rhabditiform Larvae in the Soil within About 10 to 40 days and Become Infective.

 

Reservoir Human Being is the only Reservoir of Infection.

host incidence:

age incidence: It is Maximum among Children of 2-10 years age.

sex incidence: It is equal in both Boys and Girls.

Environmental factors: The Indiscriminate Defection, Especially by the Children around the House , Poor Sewage Disposal Facilities, Maturation of Eggs.

Mode of Infection: 

1. Feco-Oral Route through the Contamination Soil.

2. From Raw Vegetables Cultivated in a Sewage Irrigated Area.

3. Eating mud Pica.

4. Drinking Fecal Contaminated Water.

5. Through Moist Mucus surface of Upper Air Passage.

6. Larvae may directly Penetrate into Blood Stream and Reach Various Viscera, Where they fail to Growth and Die.

 Clinical Features or Sign and Symptoms 

Due to Migrating Larvae:-

Pneumonia

Fever

                                        Cough

Breathlessness

                                        Urticaria rash 

Eosinophilia 

 

Due to Adult Worm:-

Malnutrition

Retarded Growth

Typhoid like Fever

Urticaria

Edema of the Face

Conjunctivitis

Irritation of Upper Respiratory Tract

Ulcer into Peritoneal Cavity

Intestinal Obstruction

Vomiting 

Sometime Suffocation at Night accidentally Enter into Respiratory Tract

Worms Enter to Appendix and Cause Appendicitis

Biliary Obstruction

Liver Abscess.

Laboratory Diagnosis or Investigations 

Administration of Barium Emulsion, being Ingested by Worms and After 6 or 7 Hours cast Strings like Shadow in the X-ray.

Microscopic Examination of Saline Emulsion of Stool for Eggs.

Indirect Evidence:

Blood Examination reveals Eosinophila

Scratch Test with Powdered Ascariasis Antigen has been found to be Positive Dermal Allergic Reaction.

Prevention And Control:

By Avoiding Indiscriminate Defecation.

By Avoiding Sanitary Latrines and Sanitary Disposal of Sewage. 

By Provision of Protected Water Supply.

By Control of House Fly. 

By Maintaining Hygiene by Trimming the Nail.. 

 

Protection: 

By The Use of Shop to Wash Hands before Eating the Food and After Using the Toilets 

By Eealth education